An example: Cetuximab (Erbitux®)

Colorectal cancers often have abnormally high levels of EGFR (Epidermal Growth Factor Receptors) on the outer surface of their cells.

EGFR role, once activated by signaling molecules, is to accelerate the cell’s growth and multiplication.

An abnormally high number of EGFR in tumor cells means that their level of stimulation to multiply is much higher than normal cells. In fact, multiplication without control is a hallmark of cancer cells.

Cetuximab is a monoclonal antibody , which binds EGFR so signaling molecules cannot access it. In this way, cetuximab controls the growth of tumors with excess EGFR.

This antibody is now approved as a first line of attack for patients with metastatic colorectal cancer, or as an alternative for those not responding to chemotherapy.